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Meet the Critics (A-K)
By Peter Beisner
Meet the Critics (L-Z)
Have you ever been at a loss for words when challenged by the alarmist's claim of scientific "consensus," or that dissenting scientists are unqualified? Not only does consensus prove nothing, but the very idea of "consensus" among scientists on catastrophic manmade climate change is simply unfounded. A 2008 Senate Environment and Public Works Minority Report documents dissension around the world:More Than 700 International Scientists Dissent
Over Man-Made Global Warming Claims Some notable critics are:
Syun-Ichi Akasofu, Ph.D.
Founding director of the International Arctic Research Center and former director of the Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, geophysicist Syun-Ichi Akasofu is the recipient of numerous awards and honors and is considered one of the world's most cited authors. "Most reporters, who come to Alaska to try to find the greenhouse disasters, have little knowledge of the Arctic," Akasofu explains, but "It is normal for tidewater glaciers to calve large blocks of ice from the face as they reach the sea, and they will do so regardless of how warm or cold it is. Most glaciers in the world have been receding since 1800 or earlier, well before 1940, when CO2 began to increase significantly." Among numerous publications by Akasofu are Two Natural Components of the Recent Climate Change, Global Temperature Changes During the Last Millennium and the Prediction for 2100, The Big Ice Age or the Big Steamy Age?, and Why Has Global Warming Become Such a Passionate Subject? Let's Not Lose Our Cool.
J. Scott Armstrong, Ph.D.
Forecasting pioneer Scott Armstrong is a founder of the Journal of Forecasting, the International Journal of Forecasting, and the International Symposium on Forecasting, is a teacher at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, and is an author or editor of numerous books, papers, and websites. "Claims that the Earth will get warmer have no more credence than saying that it will get colder," insisted Armstrong, explaining that "of 89 principles [of forecasting], the IPCC violated 72." A few of Armstrong's many works are Validity of Climate Change Forecasting for Public Policy Decision Making, Polar Bear Population Forecasts: A Public-Policy Forecasting Audit, and (at the 2008 and 2009 ICCC's) Strengths and Weaknesses of Climate Models and A Forecaster's View of Climate Change: Methodology Also Counts.
Dennis T. Avery
Agricultural Analyst for the U.S. Department of State from 1980 through 1988, Dennis T. Avery is a Senior Fellow at the Hudson Institute and the Director of their Center for Global Food Issues. Mentioned on page 121 of the Senate report, Avery co-authored (with Fred Singer) Unstoppable Global Warming: Every 1,500 Years, offering a symphony of evidence from a wide variety of scientific specialties that recent and foreseeable global warming (and cooling) are not significantly different from the cycles that have occurred throughout Earth's history. He has written many articles on climate change, such as The Massive Food and Land Costs of U.S. Corn Ethanol, Biofuels Forcing World to Ration Food Aid, Alaska's Glaciers Are Growing, and Asia's Brown Pollution Cloud: Caused by Renewable Fuels.
Timothy F. Ball, Ph.D.
Former head of Friends of Science and Climatology professor at the University of Winnipeg, Tim Ball is currently chairman of the Natural Resources Stewardship Project, a senior fellow for the Frontier Centre for Public Policy, and a frequent writer for Tech Central Station, Canada Free Press, and other magazines. One of the first Canadians to hold a Ph.D. in Climatology, Ball has reconstructed historical climate change records and studied warming's effects, concluding that "[Catastrophic manmade global warming] is the greatest deception in the history of science. We are wasting time, energy, and trillions of dollars while creating unnecessary fear and consternation over an issue with no scientific justification." A few samples of Ball's publications include The Science Isn't Settled - The Limitations of Global Climate Models, Global Warming: The Cold, Hard Facts?, Warmer Is Better, Gore Getting Desperate Proof Public Cooling on GW Hoax, and, delivered at the 2008 ICCC, Climate Is a Generalist Discipline.
Robert C. Balling, Jr., Ph.D.
Robert Balling, Jr., director of Arizona State University's climatology laboratory, has served as a climate consultant to, among other organizations, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the United Nations Environment Program, and the World Meteorological Organization. Balling says that "the Earth was probably warmer in the past than our records indicate and, therefore, the change in temperature that we now observe is not as great as it appears." In addition to his many scientific papers, such as The Increase in Global Temperature: What it Does and Does Not Tell Us, Balling has authored three books books on climate change, including The Heated Debate: Greenhouse Predictions Versus Climate Reality and The Satanic Gases: Clearing the Air about Global Warming.
Reid A. Bryson, Ph.D.
Known as "the father of scientific climatology," the late Reid Bryson received the 30th Ph.D. in Meteorology in American education's history. Bryson served as a major in the Air Weather Service of the U.S. Army Air Corps before beginning a career teaching at the University of Wisconsin, where he was the founding chairman of the Department of Meteorology. The most cited climatologist in the world, according to the British Institute of Geographers, Bryson said, "All this argument--'is the temperature going up or not?'--it's absurd! Of course it's going up. It has gone up since the early 1800's, before the industrial revolution, because we're coming out of the little ice age, not because we're putting more carbon dioxide into the air." A couple of Bryson's works, which include a number of books and over 230 publications, are Climates of Hunger: Mankind and the World's Changing Weather and Global Warming? Some Common Sense Thoughts.
Paul J. Berenson, Ph.D.
Physicist Paul Berenson, educated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has been the Defense Science Board's executive secretary for the U.S. Department of Defense, scientific advisor to NATO and to a U.S. Army commanding general, and has published about a dozen peer-reviewed scientific studies. "Earth is in the final stages of a typical 10,000 year plus interglacial when both atmospheric temperature and CO2 content tend to increase long term from natural causes, as they have after every ice age," said Berenson, explaining the climate's natural cycle. "The analytical models used to predict higher atmospheric CO2 content and temperature have not been validated, and do not predict the measured values from the last 200 years; e.g., the cooling of roughly 1 degree C from about 1940 to 1975. Thus they are not valid and should not be used. They are not valid because they do not include major effects on the climate such as clouds, rain, electric currents, cosmic rays, sun spots, etc."
Robert M. Carter, Ph.D.
Paleontologist, stratigrapher, marine geologist, and environmental scientist, Robert Carter has chaired multiple research committees and has held academic positions at multiple universities. A recipient of degrees from Otago and Cambridge, Carter currently serves as a Research Professor at James Cook Univeristy and is a member of numerous scientific organizations. Mentioned on page 136 of the Senate report, Carter has over a hundred scientific publications and over a hundred other scientific articles, letters, interviews, and presentations. A few of his exemplary writings are The Myth of Dangerous Human-Caused Climate Change, High Price for a Load of Hot Air, The IPCC: On the Run at Last, and the recent Science Versus Propaganda. His lecture, Climate Change: Is CO2 the Cause?, is viewable on YouTube in four parts.
John R. Christy, Ph.D.
Formerly an IPCC lead author and now Alabama's State Climatologist, John Christy is currently the Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric Science and the Director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, where he and Dr. Roy Spencer oversee the NASA satellite remote sensing program, the world's only truly comprehensive system for sensing atmospheric conditions of many kinds, including temperature. Mentioned on page 135 of the Senate report, Christy says of Al Gore's message, "to come up with 20 feet is really grasping at straws, I think, but it does make a dramatic image." After a cutting interview, and his helpful lecture, What Do the Numbers Show, Dr. Christy had My Nobel Moment published by The Wall Street Journal, criticizing the political irresponsibility of proclaiming catastrophic global warming and of calling for measures detrimental to the poor.
John Coleman
John Coleman, Founder of the Weather Channel and former ABC Meteorologist, works in his retirement as a weather forecaster for San Diego's KUSI. Mentioned on page 155 of the Senate report, Coleman calls global warming alarmism "a hoax. It is bad science. It is high-jacking public policy. It is the greatest scam in history." Coleman recently created Coleman's Comments, a climate blog at the Coleman Corner, which also links to an informative and entertaining video interview. Two fascinating pieces by Coleman are The Amazing Story Behind the Global Warming Scam and his thorough Comments on Global Warming.
Piers R. Corbyn
Astrophysicist Piers Corbyn is a weather forecaster, the owner of WeatherAction, and was a contributor to the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change's Climate Change Reconsidered. Corbyn denies manmade catastrophic climate change, noting that "the most significant and persistent cycle of variation in the world's temperature follows the 22-year magnetic cycle of the sun's activity." "The problem for global warmers is that there is no evidence that changing CO2 is a net driver for world climate," he continues. "Feedback processes negate its potential warming effects." A more extensive sample of Corbyn's work is What Does and Does Not Cause Climate Change, a lecture delivered at the 2009 International Conference on Climate Change.
Richard S. Courtney
Independent consultant on environmental issues and contributing editor of CoalTrans International and Energy & Environment, scientist Richard S. Courtney is a technical advisor to several members of Parliament, having been called by the same as an expert witness, and is a founding member of the European Science and Environment Forum. "No convincing evidence for anthropogenic global warming has been discovered. And recent global climate behavior is not consistent with anthropogenic global warming model predictions," says Courtney, an expert peer reviewer for the IPCC. "Global temperature has not increased since 1998 because, while the northern hemisphere has warmed, the southern hemisphere has cooled. Global warming was supposed to actually be global, not hemispheric." A few articles by Courtney, along with his 2008 ICCC speech Limits to Existing Quantitative Understanding of the Past, Present, and Future Changes to Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration, are Global Warming: How It All Began, 'Renewable Energy Technologies Can't Hack It in the Market Place, Climate Fear-Mongering to Get Worse, and Biofuels: a Solution Worse Than the Problem They Try to Address.
Ronnie Walter Cunningham
Retired physicist Walter Cunningham was an Apollo 7 astronaut who won the Exceptional Distinguished Service Medal and Navy Astronaut Wings. A member of the American Geophysical Union and fellow of the American Astronautical Society, Cunnigham wrote, in his article In Science, Ignorance Is Not Bliss, "NASA’s Aqua satellite is showing that water vapor, the dominant greenhouse gas, works to offset the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2). This information, contrary to the assumption used in all the warming models, is ignored by global warming alarmists. . . . Saying the Earth is warming is to state the obvious. Since the end of the ice age, the Earth’s temperature has increased approximately 16 degrees Fahrenheit and sea levels have risen a total of 300 feet. That is certain and measurable evidence of warming, but it is not evidence of AGW—human-caused warming."
Joseph D'Aleo, Ph.D.
Formerly Chairman of the American Meteorological Society's Committee on Weather Analysis and Forecasting, Chief Meteorologist at Weather Services International Corporation, and the first Director of Meteorology at the Weather Channel, Joseph D'Aleo is a certified consultant meteorologist (notably, for SPPI and TCS) and Founder and Executive Director of ICECAP (International Climate and Environmental Change Assessment Project), a website full of the latest news and science about climate change. Mentioned on page 141 of the Senate report, D'Aleo explains that "the sun and oceans are the real drivers and carbon dioxide is a bit player in the scheme of things. I also believe the cyclical warming has peaked as the factors are changing and a cooling has started or will soon do so." A couple recent articles by D'Aleo are 2008 Coldest Year Since 2000 and Clearly Not a Top Ten Warmest Year and United States & Global Data Integrity Issues.
Alexandre Amaral de Aguiar
Alexandre de Aguiar is the MetSul Weather Center communications director and an Ulbra TV weatherman in Porto Alegre, Brazil. De Aguiar refuted scientific claims of Al Gore's in late 2007: "October 14th, 1997, Al Gore forecast a future without (cooling) La Niña events. El Niño (warming) events, according to him and his fellow scientists, would become permanent." He continued, "Gore's theory bankrupted exactly ten years after its release. The largest ocean in Earth is much colder than average and global climate starts to feel the impacts of a moderate La Niña event that may reach the strong threshold" "It will take some more years for 'Mother Nature' to dismiss some or all of Gore forecasts," he concluded, "but earlier predictions made by him are already proving to be an inconvenient mistake."
David Deming, Ph.D.
Geophysicist David Deming is a professor at the University of Oklahoma, an expert for the National Center for Policy Analysis, an associate editor for the journals Petroleum Geology and Ground Water, and previously held a National Research Council postdoctoral fellowship at the US Geological Survey in California. Deming, the author of a textbook on hydrogeology and more than thirty research papers, told Congress, "There is no sound scientific basis for predicting future climate change with any degree of certainty. If the climate does warm, it is likely to be beneficial to humanity rather than harmful." Deming also reports, "A major researcher working on climate change confided in me that the factual record needed to be altered so people would become alarmed over global warming. He said, 'We have to get rid of the Medieval Warm Period.'" Several of Deming's numerous articles are Global Warming Freeze?, Fluorescent Bulb Follies, Getting Sensible on Energy, Environmental Hysterics, Year of Global Cooling, and Inconvenient Truths.
David H. Douglass, Ph.D.
Recipient of several Alfred P. Sloan Awards, David H. Douglass is a physics professor at the University of Rochester and a fellow of the American Physical Society. Mentioned on page 221 of the Senate report, Douglass explained that "The observed pattern of warming, comparing surface and atmospheric temperature trends does not show the characteristic fingerprint associated with greenhouse warming. The inescapable conclusion is that the human contribution is not significant and that observed increases in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases make only a negligible contribution to climate warming." Professor Douglass was the lead author of A Comparison of Tropical Temperature Trends with Model Predictions, a key publication in the battle against alarmism. Other pieces by Douglass include Limits on CO2 Climate Forcing from Recent Temperature Data of Earth and Altitude Dependence of Atmospheric Temperature Trends: Climate Models Versus Observation.
Don J. Easterbrook, Ph.D.
Award-winning geologist Don Easterbrook, professor of geology at Western Washington University, has been involved in the Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division (of which he was the president), the Geological Society of America (whose bulletin he edits), the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, the American Geophysical Union, and other professional societies. Easterbrook, the author of eight scientific books, explains a climate driver more believable than CO2: "In one year--1977--the Pacific Ocean switched from its cool mode into its warm mode and bingo!--within one year we get the big shift in climate and we start the beginning of what's now known as the global warming period." Having presented research papers in a dozen countries, Easterbrook is the author of around 150 scientific papers, including Correlation of Climatic and Solar Variations over the Past 500 Years and Predicting Global Climate Changes from Recurring Climate Cycles and The Next 25 Years: Global Warming or Gobal Cooling?--Geological and Oceanographic Evidence for Cyclical Climate Oscillations.
Christopher Essex, Ph.D.
Christopher Essex is a Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Western Ontario, and the Associate Director of the Collaborative Program in Theoretical Physics. Mentioned on page 133 of the Senate report, Essex has done much to refute the idea of a "average global temperature". Some important related pieces (the last two authored at least partially by himself) are Researchers Question Validity of a 'Global Temperature', Does a Global Temperature Exist? (co-authored with Ross McKitrick and Bjarne Andresen), and There Is No Global 'Temperature'. Essex and McKitrick include further rebuttal of "average global temperature" in their book, Taken by Storm: The Troubled Science, Policy, and Politics of Global Warming.
David Evans, Ph.D.
Head of Science Speak, David Evans worked as a consultant for the Australian Department of Climate Change, building models and doing carbon accounting. At the time, Evans believed in anthropogenic global warming, but since then, he says, "the last three of the four pieces of evidence outlined above fell away or reversed," and further documents this claim in New Global Warming Science. Mentioned on page 101 of the Senate report, Evans has produced conclusive evidence against the theory of catastrophic man-made global warming, notably, The Missing Greenhouse Signature. Along with some interviews, a few notable pieces are Evans's No Smoking Hot Spot, Are Carbon Emissions the Cause of Global Warming?, The ETS: Completely Unnecessary, and My Life With the AGO and Other Reflections.
Indur M. Goklany, Ph.D.
Indur Goklany, who represented the United States at the International Panel on Climate Change, has worked with organizations like the American Enterprise Institute and the Cato Institute, and has had decades of such experience, is the author of The Improving State of the World. Mentioned on page 129 of the Senate report, Goklany has published numerous pieces on the environment, including, notably, What to Do About Climate Change, Living with Global Warming, Is a Richer-but-Warmer World Better Than Poorer-but-Colder Worlds?, How the IPCC Portrayed a Net Positive Impact of Climate Change as a Negative, The Deadliest U.S. Natural Hazard: Extreme Cold.
Fred Goldberg, Ph.D.
Climate analyst and polar history expert Fred Goldberg was affiliated with the Royal Institute of Technology for over thirty years and is a researcher and frequent lecturer on climate change. After much study, Goldberg has concluded that there is not a good positive correlation between human CO2 emissions and annual changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Several pieces by Goldberg are Rate of Increasing Concentrations of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Controlled by Natural Temperature Variations, The Global Warming Scam, and (at the 2008 and 2009 ICCC's) The Natural Source History of Atmospheric CO2 Fluctuations and Do the Planets and the Sun Control Our Climate and the CO2 in the Atmosphere?.
Stanley B. Goldenberg
Stanley B. Goldenberg is a U.S. Government Atmospheric Scientist in the Hurricane Research Division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Mentioned on page 46 of the Senate report, Goldenberg states that "although there have been several recent articles suggesting that recent increases in activity are due to global warming, the scientists who have been in the hurricane climate field the longest, and are the most acquainted with the data base, see no substantial link." In a 2008 interview, Global Warming Not Linked to Increased Hurricane Activity, he says, "it is a blatant lie put forth in the media that makes it seem there is only a fringe of scientists who don't but into anthropogenic global warming." A very experienced meteorologist, Goldenberg has authored various papers, and has been received awards for his scientific work.
Mel Goldstein, Ph.D.
Famous Connecticut weatherman "Dr. Mel" is his state's news Channel 8 chief meteorologist and, teaching at Western Connecticut State University, created their Weather Center and established their bachelor's meteorology program. The author of The Complete Idiot's Guide to Weather and Dr. Mel's Connecticut Climate Book, Goldstein "become[s] skeptical when atmospheric models are used to project conditions 100 or 200 years from now." He explains, "When you are in the trenches and forecasting each and everyday, you begin to realize the inadequacies of our computer models."
Vincent R. Gray, Ph.D.
Vincent Gray, an expert IPCC reviewer and research scientist with experience in numerous countries, is a founder of the New Zealand Climate Science Coalition and has produced its NZClimate & EnviroTruth newsletter. In his book The Greenhouse Delusion: A Critique of "Climate Change 2001", Gray concludes that "no convincing evidence has been presented by the IPCC, or anyone else, that a surface temperature increase has resulted from increases of greenhouse gases." Among his many other publications are The Global Warming Scam, Problems with Surface Temperature Data, Unsound Science by the IPCC, The IPCC: Spinning the Climate, The Triumph of Doublespeak, and The Environmentalist Creed.
William M. Gray, Ph.D.
Previously an Air Force weather forecaster and a meteorology researcher at the University of Chicago, award-winning hurricane forecaster William Gray serves as emeritus professor of Atmospheric Science at Colorado State University and as head of their Tropical Meteorology Project. Asked in an interview whether global warming causes increasing hurricanes, Gray answered "No" and remarked, "Nearly all of my colleagues who have been around 40 or 50 years are skeptical . . . about this whole global-warming thing. But no one asks us." Along with another interview, some pieces of interest by Gray are his Senate testimony, his (2008 and 2009 International Conference on Climate Change presentations) Oceans, Not Carbon Dioxide, Are Driving Climate and Climate Change Is Primarily Driven by Salinity-Induced Deep Ocean Circulation Changes, and his article Get Off Warming Bandwagon.
Kesten C. Green, Ph.D.
Forecasting expert Kesten Green has held teaching and researching positions at Victoria University of Wellington and Monash University and is a contributor to the NIPCC. "GCM's are not scientific forecasting methods," Kesten said (MP3). "The situation is just too complex and uncertain for the kind of complex models that they use to work. The situation could be characterized as one of ignorance. We know so little--or not sufficient anyway, about climate, to construct complex models and make predictions for the next hundred years." A few of Kesten's works that bear on the climate issue are Validity of Climate Change Forecasting for Public Policy Decision Making (PDF), Polar Bear Population Forecasts (PDF), What Is the Appropriate Public-Policy Response to Uncertainty? (PDF), and Global Warming: Forecasts by Scientists Versus Scientific Forecasts (PDF).
Howard C. Hayden, Ph.D.
Professor of Physics Emeritus at the University of Connecticut, Howard Hayden edits The Energy Advocate and is the author of, among other publications, The Solar Fraud: Why Solar Energy Won't Run the World and A Primer on CO2 and Climate, demonstrating in the latter that "the causal link between human activities and global warming is feeble at best, amounting to nothing more than some weak correlations and some very incomplete computer models." "There is no doubt whatsoever," he shows, "that temperature and CO2 concentration are correlated. But there is an even better correlation between temperature at a given time and CO2 concentration later (by several hundred years)." A few notable pieces by Hayden are Global Warming: More Hot Air and (delivered at the 2008 and 2009 ICCC's) The Overstated Role of Carbon Dioxide on Climate Change and Debunking Global Warming Propaganda.
Craig D. Idso, Ph.D.
Former Director of Environmental Science at Peabody Energy in St. Louis and a member of numerous scientific societies, Craig Idso is the founder and chairman of the Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change. Idso and his father explain that "today’s temperatures are not in any way unusual, unnatural or unprecedented," but "are just what should be expected, as a result of the natural (non-CO2-induced) recovery of the planet from the global chill of the several-hundred-year-long Little Ice Age." Having recently published his book, CO2, Global Warming and Coral Reefs, Idso has authored or co-authored numerous pieces on climate change, such as Carbon Dioxide and Global Warming, Will Global Warming Decimate Earth's Biosphere?, and Your 'Carbon Legacy'.
Sherwood B. Idso, Ph.D.
Formerly a research physicist for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, adjunct professor at Arizona State University, and editorial board member for Agricultural and Forest Meteorology and Environmental and Experimental Botany, Sherwood Idso is a recipient of the Arthur S. Flemming Award and the Petr Beckmann Award. Idso now serves as president of the Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, which reports that "it is abundantly clear we have nothing to fear from increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and global warming . . . Indeed, these phenomena would appear to be our friends . . . and friends of the entire biosphere." Idso has authored or co-authored over five-hundred scientific publications, including the two notable books, Carbon Dioxide: Friend or Foe? and Carbon Dioxide and Global Change.
Zbigniew Jaworowski, Ph.D.
Currently senior scientific advisor to Warsaw's Scientific Council of the Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, physicist Zbigniew Jaworowski has aided numerous government climate research projects, led ten polar and glacier expeditions involving extensive ice-core study, and published hundreds of scientific papers. "The hypothesis, in vogue in the 1970s, stating that emissions of industrial dust will soon induce the new Ice Age, seems now to be a conceited anthropocentric exaggeration, bringing into discredit the science of that time. The same fate awaits the present," Jawarowski stated. A few of Jaworowski's important pieces are CO2: The Greatest Scientific Scandal of Our Time, Sun Warms and Cools the Earth, and The Global Warming Folly.
Madhav L. Khandekar, Ph.D.
Madhav Khandekar serves on the editorial board of the Journal of Hazards, is a Natural Resources Stewardship Project scientist, a Friends of Science environmental consultant, and a former research scientist for Environment Canada. "As I see it, the global warming that we are all debating today is an interesting scientific problem, but it is by no means a crisis. Global warming is no threat to humanity. . . . It is a gradual change and humans have a remarkable ability to adapt to extremes of climate, which they have done in the past, and I am sure that they will be able to do so and still be able to make significant progress," said Khandekar, who contributed to the recent NIPCC report and was an IPCC reviewer (saying of the latter, "To my dismay, IPCC authors ignored all my comments and suggestions for major changes"). Questioning the Global Warming Science and India's Economic Progress in a Changing Climate: Benefits of Global Warming are just a couple samples of Khandekar's publications, which include more than 120 papers, reports, and book reviews.
William R. Kininmonth
Meteorologist William Kininmonth has been a contributor to the NIPCC, the head of Australia's National Climate Centre, coordinator of the scientific and technical review for the UN Task Force on El Niño, and has had much association with the World Meteorological Organization. "There is every reason to believe that increasing CO2 in the atmosphere will have no significant impact on the climate system. The greatest impact of atmospheric CO2 on the earth's radiation budget was the first 20 ppmv," Kininmonth explains. "After this concentration the source of infrared radiation to space from the active CO2 radiation bands was in the stratosphere, where temperature does not change as the emanation goes to higher and higher altitudes with increasing concentration." A few pieces by Kininmonth are Unmasking 'An Inconvenient Truth' (PDF), In Computer Models We Trust, When Politics Engulfs Science, and (at the 2009 ICCC) A Natural Limit to Anthropogenic Global Warming (MP3).
Meet the Critics (L-Z)
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